All About Pakistan

Official Name

Islamic Republic of Pakistan

· Father of the Nation      Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876-1948)
· National Poet                  Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938)
· Head of the State           Asif Ali Zardari, President
· Head of Government     Yousaf Raza gillani, Prime Minister
· Capital                            Islamabad
· Area Total                                          796,095 Sq. km.
Punjab                                                  205,344 Sq. km.
Sindh                                                    140,914 Sq. km.
North West Frontier Province           74,521 Sq. km.
Balochistan                                         347,190 Sq. km.
Federally Administered Tribal Areas 27,220 Sq. km.
Islamabad (Capital)                            906 Sq. km.
· Population                                       149.03 million

· Administrative Setup

Pakistan is divided into four provinces viz., North West Frontier Province (NWFP), Punjab, Sindh and Balochistan. The tribal belt adjoining NWFP is managed by the Federal Government and is named FATA i.e., Federally Administered Tribal Areas. Azad Kashmir and Northern Areas have their own respective political and administrative machinery, yet certain of their subjects are taken care of by the Federal Government through the Ministry of Kashmir Affairs and Northern Areas. Provinces of Pakistan are further divided into Divisions and Districts

Divisions
Districts 

NWFP       7 ,   24
Punjab     8  ,   34
Sindh       5   ,21
Balochistan    6      ,22

While FATA consist of 13 Areas/Agencies and Azad Kashmir and Northern Areas have 7 and 5 Districts respectively.
· Religion                 95% Muslims, 5% others.
· Annual Per capita income      Rs. 28,933 (US $ 492 approximately)
· GDP          5.1%
· Currency        Pak. Rupee.

· Imports
Industrial equipment, chemicals, vehicles, steel, iron ore, petroleum, edible oil, pulses, tea.

· Exports
Cotton, textile goods, rice, leather items carpets, sports goods, handi-crafts, fish and fish prep. and fruit
· Languages
Urdu (National) and English (Official)
· Literacy rate
51.6%
· Government
Parliamentary form
· Parliament
Parliament consists of two Houses i.e., the Senate (Upper House) and the National Assembly (Lower House).
The Senate is a permanent legislative body and symbolises a process of continuity in the national affairs. It consists of 100 members. The four Provincial Assemblies, Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Federal Capital form its electoral college.
The National Assembly has a total membership of 342 elected through adult suffrage (272 general seats, 60 women seats and 10 non-Muslim seats).

· Pakistan National Flag.
Dark green with a white vertical bar, a white crescent and a five-pointed star in the middle. The Flag symbolises Pakistan's profound commitment to Islam, the Islamic world and the rights of religious miniorities.

· National Anthem
Approved in June, 1954
Verses Composed by: Abdul Asar Hafeez Jullundhri
Tune Composed by: Ahmed G. Chagla
Duration: 80 seconds
· State Emblem
The State Emblem consists of:
1. The crescent and star which are symbols of Islam
2. The shield in the centre shows four major crops
3. Wreath surrounding the shield represents cultural heritage and
4. Scroll contains Quaid's motto: Unity Faith, Discipline

· Pakistan's Official Map
Drawn by Mian Mahmood Alam Suhrawardy (1920-1999)

· National Flower
Jasmine.
· National Tree
Deodar (Cedrus Deodara).
· National Animal
Markhor.
· National Bird
Chakor (Red-legged partridge)
· Flora
Pine, Oak, Poplar, Deodar, Maple, Mulberry
· Fauna
The Pheasant, Leopard, Deer, Ibex, Chinkara, Black buck, Neelgai, Markhor, Marco-Polo sheep, Green turtles, River & Sea fish, Crocodile, Waterfowls
· Popular games
Cricket, Hockey, Football, Squash.
· Tourist's resorts
Murree, Quetta, Hunza, Ziarat, Swat, Kaghan, Chitral and Gilgit
· Archaeological sites
Moenjo Daro, Harappa, Taxila, Kot Diji, Mehr Garh, Takht Bhai.
· Major Cities
Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta, Rawalpindi, Hyderabad, Faisalabad, Multan and Sialkot
· Major Crops
Cotton, Wheat, Rice and Sugarcane
· Agricultural Growth Rate
4.15% in 2002-03
· Total cropped area
22.0 million hectares
· Industry
Textiles, Cement, Fertilizer, Steel, Sugar, Electric Goods, Shipbuilding
· Energy
Major sources
Electricity (Hydel, Thermal, Nuclear) Oil, Coal, and Liquid Petroleum Gas
Power Generating Capacity
18,062 MW

· Health
Hospitals
947
Dispensaries
4,800
Basic Health Units (BHUs)
4,820
Maternity & Child Health Centres
1,084
Rural Health Centres (RHCs)
581
Tuberculosis (TB) Centres
357
Hospital Beds
82,844
Doctors (registered)
101,635
Dentists (registered)
5,068
Nurses (registered
44,520
Paramedics
22,714
Lady Health Workers
6,397

· Education
Primary Schools
164,200
Middle Schools
19,100
High Schools
12,900
Arts & Science Colleges
925
Professional Colleges
374
Universities
Public Sector (including one WomenUniversity)
29
Private Sector
10

· Transport & Communication
Total length of roads
251,845 km
Pakistan Railway network
7,791 km
Railway stations
781
Pakistan International Airlines
Covers 33 international and 21 domestic stations with a fleet of 44 planes.
Major Airports
8 (Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Quetta, Peshawar, Multan, Faisalabad and Gwadar)

· Seaports
International
2 (Karachi and Bin Qasim.)
Fish Harbours-Cum-Mini Ports
3 (Minora, Gawadar, and Keti Bandar)

· Communications
Post Offices
12,267
Telephone connections
4,589,000
Public Call Offices
1,14,527
Telegraph offices
328
Internet Connections
1.9 million


· Employment
Total Labour force
42.38 million
Employed Labour Force
39.41 million
Agriculture Sector
18.91 million
Manufacturing & Mining sector
4.51 million
Construction
2.25 million
Trade
5.27 million
Transport
1.97 million
Finance, Community & Social Services
5.90 million
Others
5.87 million

· Media
Print Media (In accordance with Central Media List)


Dailies
414
Weeklies
392
Fortnightlies
50
Monthlies
259
Annually
01
Quarterly
03

News Agencies

Official
APP

Private
PPI, NNI, On Line and Sana.

Electronic Media

TV Centres
Five TV centres at Islamabad, Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta and Karachi covering 88.58% population and 29 re-broadcasting stations.

Pakistan Television
4 channels (PTV-I, PTV-II (PTV World), PTV-III & PTV-IV)

Registered TV sets
3,604,000

Radio Stations
Public:
Total 25, Home services in 19 languages. External Services cover 81 countries in 15 languages
Private:
Radio stations 3, TV transmitter channels 3

Cable Operators
900

· Banks
Central Bank
State Bank of Pakistan
Other Banks
National Bank of Pakistan
Habib Bank Ltd.
United Bankn Ltd.
Muslim Commercial Bank Ltd.
Allied Bank of Pakistan Ltd.
First Woman Bank
Mehran Bank
The Bank of Punjab
Bank of Khyber
Specialized Banks
Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan
Federal Bank for Co-operatives
Industrial Development Bank of Pakistan
The Punjab Provincial Co-operative Bank

· Famous MountainPeaks
K-2 (Mt. Godwin Austin)
28,250 ft./8611 m (2nd in World)
Nanga Parbat
26,660 ft./8126 m (8th in World)
Gasherbrum-I
26,470 ft./8068 m (11th in World)

· Famous Mountain Passes
The Khyber Pass
NWFP
The KurramPass
FATA
The TochiPass
FATA
The GomalPass
NWFP
The Bolan Pass
Balochistan
The LowariPass
Chitral (NWFP)
The KhunjrabPass
Northern Areas

· Rivers
The Indus

2,896 km
Jhelum

825 km
Chenab

1,242 km
Ravi

901 km
Sutlej

1,551 km
Beas (tributary of Sutlej)

398 km

· Famous Glaciers
Siachin
75 km
Batura
55 km
Baltoro
65 km

· Deserts
Thar
Sindh
Cholistan
Punjab
Thal
Punjab

· Lakes
Manchar
Sindh
Keenjar
Sindh
Hanna
Balochistan
Saif-ul-Maluk
NWFP
Satpara
Northern Areas
Kachura
Northern Areas

· Major Dams
Mangla Dam
Punjab
Tarbela Dam
NWFP
Warsak Dam
NWFP

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton born October 26, 1947) is the 67th United States Secretary of State, serving in the administration of President Barack Obama. She was a United States Senator for New York from 2001 to 2009. As the wife of the 42nd President of the United States, Bill Clinton, she was the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001. In the 2008 election, Clinton was a leading candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination.
A native of Illinois, Hillary Rodham first attracted national attention in 1969 for her remarks as the first student commencement speaker at Wellesley College. She embarked on a career in law after graduating from Yale Law School in 1973. Following a stint as a Congressional legal counsel, she moved to Arkansas in 1974 and married Bill Clinton in 1975. Rodham cofounded the Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families in 1977 and became the first female chair of the Legal Services Corporation in 1978. Named the first female partner at Rose Law Firm in 1979, she was twice listed as one of the 100 most influential lawyers in America. First Lady of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and 1983 to 1992 with husband Bill as Governor, she successfully led a task force to reform Arkansas's education system. She sat on the board of directors of Wal-Mart and several other corporations.
In 1994 as First Lady of the United States, her major initiative, the Clinton health care plan, failed to gain approval from the U.S. Congress. However, in 1997 and 1999, Clinton played a role in advocating the creation of the State Children's Health Insurance Program, the Adoption and Safe Families Act, and the Foster Care Independence Act. Her years as First Lady drew a polarized response from the American public. The only First Lady to have been subpoenaed, she testified before a federal grand jury in 1996 due to the Whitewater controversy, but was never charged with wrongdoing in this or several other investigations during her husband's administration. The state of her marriage was the subject of considerable speculation following the Lewinsky scandal in 1998.
After moving to the state of New York, Clinton was elected as a U.S. Senator in 2000. That election marked the first time an American First Lady had run for public office; Clinton was also the first female senator to represent the state. In the Senate, she initially supported the Bush administration on some foreign policy issues, including a vote for the Iraq War Resolution. She subsequently opposed the administration on its conduct of the war in Iraq and on most domestic issues. Senator Clinton was reelected by a wide margin in 2006. In the 2008 presidential nomination race, Hillary Clinton won more primaries and delegates than any other female candidate in American history, but narrowly lost to Senator Barack Obama.
As Secretary of State, Clinton became the first former First Lady to serve in a president's cabinet. She has put into place institutional changes seeking to maximize departmental effectiveness and promote the empowerment of women worldwide. She has set records for most-traveled secretary for time in office. She has been at the forefront of the U.S. response to the 2011 Middle East protests, including advocating for the military intervention in Libya.

Early life
Hillary Diane Rodham was born at Edgewater Hospital in Chicago, Illinois.She was raised in a United Methodist family, first in Chicago and then, from the age of three, in suburban Park Ridge, Illinois. Her father, Hugh Ellsworth Rodham, was the son of Welsh and English immigrants; he managed a successful small business in the textile industry. Her mother, Dorothy Emma Howell, is a homemaker of English, Scottish, French, French Canadian, and Welsh descent. She has two younger brothers, Hugh and Tony.

As a child, Hillary Rodham was a teacher's favorite at her public schools in Park Ridge. She participated in swimming, baseball, and other sports. She also earned numerous awards as a Brownie and Girl Scout.She attended Maine East High School, where she participated in student council, the school newspaper, and was selected for National Honor Society. For her senior year, she was redistricted to Maine South High School, where she was a National Merit Finalist and graduated in the top five percent of her class of 1965^.Her mother wanted her to have an independent, professional career, and her father, otherwise a traditionalist, held the modern notion that his daughter's abilities and opportunities should not be limited by gender.
Raised in a politically conservative household, at age thirteen Rodham helped canvass South Side Chicago following the very close 1960 U.S. presidential election, where she found evidence of electoral fraud against Republican candidate Richard Nixon. She then volunteered to campaign for Republican candidate Barry Goldwater in the U.S. presidential election of 1964. Rodham's early political development was shaped most by her high school history teacher (like her father, a fervent anticommunist), who introduced her to Goldwater's classic The Conscience of a Conservative, and by her Methodist youth minister (like her mother, concerned with issues of social justice), with whom she saw and met civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr., in Chicago in 1962.

College

In 1965, Rodham enrolled at Wellesley College, where she majored in political science. During her freshman year, she served as president of the Wellesley Young Republicans; with this Rockefeller Republican-oriented group, she supported the elections of John Lindsay and Edward Brooke. She later stepped down from this position, as her views changed regarding the American Civil Rights Movement and the Vietnam War. In a letter to her youth minister at this time, she described herself as "a mind conservative and a heart liberal." In contrast to the 1960s current that advocated radical actions against the political system, she sought to work for change within it. In her junior year, Rodham became a supporter of the antiwar presidential nomination campaign of Democrat Eugene McCarthy. Following the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., Rodham organized a two-day student strike and worked with Wellesley's black students to recruit more black students and faculty. In early 1968, she was elected president of the Wellesley College Government Association and served through early 1969; she was instrumental in keeping Wellesley from being embroiled in the student disruptions common to other colleges. A number of her fellow students thought she might some day become the first woman President of the United States. So she could better understand her changing political views, Professor Alan Schechter assigned Rodham to intern at the House Republican Conference, and she attended the "Wellesley in Washington" summer program. Rodham was invited by moderate New York Republican Representative Charles Goodell to help Governor Nelson Rockefeller’s late-entry campaign for the Republican nomination. Rodham attended the 1968 Republican National Convention in Miami. However, she was upset by how Richard Nixon's campaign portrayed Rockefeller and by what she perceived as the convention's "veiled" racist messages, and left the Republican Party for good.
Returning to Wellesley for her final year, Rodham wrote her senior thesis about the tactics of radical community organizer Saul Alinsky under Professor Schechter (years later while she was First Lady, access to the thesis was restricted at the request of the White House and it became the subject of some speculation). In 1969, she graduated with a Bachelor of Arts, with departmental honors in political science. Following pressure from some fellow students, she became the first student in Wellesley College history to deliver its commencement address. Her speech received a standing ovation lasting seven minutes. She was featured in an article published in Life magazine, due to the response to a part of her speech that criticized Senator Edward Brooke, who had spoken before her at the commencement. She also appeared on Irv Kupcinet's nationally syndicated television talk show as well as in Illinois and New England newspapers. That summer, she worked her way across Alaska, washing dishes in Mount McKinley National Park and sliming salmon in a fish processing cannery in Valdez (which fired her and shut down overnight when she complained about unhealthy conditions).

Law school

Rodham then entered Yale Law School, where she served on the editorial board of the Yale Review of Law and Social Action. During her second year, she worked at the Yale Child Study Center, learning about new research on early childhood brain development and working as a research assistant on the seminal work, Beyond the Best Interests of the Child (1973). She also took on cases of child abuse at Yale-New Haven Hospital and volunteered at New Haven Legal Services to provide free legal advice for the poor. In the summer of 1970, she was awarded a grant to work at Marian Wright Edelman's Washington Research Project, where she was assigned to Senator Walter Mondale's Subcommittee on Migratory Labor. There she researched migrant workers' problems in housing, sanitation, health and education. Edelman later became a significant mentor. She was recruited by political advisor Anne Wexler to work on the 1970 campaign of Connecticut U.S. Senate candidate Joseph Duffey, with Rodham later crediting Wexler with providing her first job in politics.
In the late spring of 1971, she began dating Bill Clinton, also a law student at Yale. That summer, she interned at the Oakland, California, law firm of Treuhaft, Walker and Burnstein. The firm was well-known for its support of constitutional rights, civil liberties, and radical causes (two of its four partners were current or former Communist Party members); Rodham worked on child custody and other cases. Clinton canceled his original summer plans, in order to live with her in California; the couple continued living together in New Haven when they returned to law school. The following summer, Rodham and Clinton campaigned in Texas for unsuccessful 1972 Democratic presidential candidate George McGovern. She received a Juris Doctor degree from Yale in 1973, having stayed on an extra year to be with Clinton. Clinton first proposed marriage to her following graduation, but she declined. She began a year of postgraduate study on children and medicine at the Yale Child Study Center.^[45] Her first scholarly article, "Children Under the Law", was published in the Harvard Educational Review in late 1973. Discussing the new children's rights movement, it stated that "child citizens" were "powerless individuals" and argued that children should not be considered equally incompetent from birth to attaining legal age, but that instead courts should presume competence except when there is evidence otherwise, on a case-by-case basis. The article became frequently cited in the field.

Secretary of State

In mid-November 2008, President-elect Obama and Clinton discussed the possibility of her serving as U.S. Secretary of State in his administration, and on November 21, reports indicated that she had accepted the position. On December 1, President-elect Obama formally announced that Clinton would be his nominee for Secretary of State. Clinton said she was reluctant to leave the Senate, but that the new position represented a "difficult and exciting adventure". As part of the nomination and in order to relieve concerns of conflict of interest, Bill Clinton agreed to accept several conditions and restrictions regarding his ongoing activities and fundraising efforts for the Clinton Presidential Center and Clinton Global Initiative.
The appointment required a Saxbe fix, passed and signed into law in December 2008.^[281] Confirmation hearings before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee began on January 13, 2009, a week before the Obama inauguration; two days later, the Committee voted 16–1 to approve Clinton. By this time, Clinton's public approval rating had reached 65 percent, the highest point since the Lewinsky scandal. On January 21, 2009, Clinton was confirmed in the full Senate by a vote of 94–2.^[284] Clinton took the oath of office of Secretary of State and resigned from the Senate that same day.^[285] She became the first former First Lady to serve in the United States Cabinet.

MILITARY AWARDS

HIGHEST MILITARY AWARDS

Britain	Victoria Cross	Pakistan	Nishan-i-Haider
Germany	Iron Cross	Russia	Order of the Patriotic War
India	Pardam Vir Chakra	USA	Victory Medal
Japan	Order of the Rising Sun	Denmark	The Order of the Elephant

National Highway and Motorway in Pakistan

National highways and motorways link all major cities in Pakistan and are undergoing rapid expansion to cater to the fast growing surface transportation needs of this rapidly emerging economy.

National Highway Authority
National Highway Authority is responsible for building and maintaining highways and motorways in Pakistan.

The National Highway Authority (NHA) was established in 1991, through an Act of the Pakistani Parliament. The NHA plans, develops, operates, repairs and maintains national highways and strategic roads specially entrusted to it by the Federal Government, by a Provincial Government or by another authority. The total length of federalized roads under NHA now stands at 5487.5 miles (8780km): this accounts for 3% of the Pakistani road network and 75% of the commercial road traffic in Pakistan.

N5 - Karachi-Thatta-Hyderabad-Moro-Multan-Sahiwal-Lahore-Jhelum-Rawalpindi-Peshawar-Torkham (Grand Trunk Road) 1819 KM
N10 - Lyari-Gwadar-Gabd (Makran Coastal Highway) 653 KM
N15 - Mansehra-Naran-Jhalkhand 240 KM
N25 - Karachi-Bela-Khuzdar-Kalat-Quetta-Chaman (RCD Highway) 813 KM
N35 - Hasan Abdal-Abbottabad-Thakot-Gilgit-Khunjerab (Karakoram Highway, KKH) 806 KM
N40 - Lakpass-Naukundi-Taftan 610 KM
N45 - Nowshera-Dir-Chitral 309 KM
N50 - Kuchlack-Zhob-Dera Ismail Khan 531 KM
N55 - Kotri-Shikarpur-Dera Ghazi Khan-Kohat-Peshawar (Indus Highway) 1264 KM
N65 - Sukkur-Sibi-Saryab 385 KM
N70 - Qila Saifullah-Loralai-Dera Ghazi Khan-Multan 447 KM
N75 - Islamabad-Satra Mile-Lower Topa (Murree)-Kohala (Murree Expressway) 90 KM
N80 - Tarnol-Kohat 144 KM
S1 - Gilgit-Skardu 167 KM
S2 - Kohala-Muzaffarabad 40 KM

MOTORWAYS IN PAKISTAN
There are ten motorways in Pakistan, out of which only the M2 and M3 have been completed. The M1 and part of the M8 and M10 are under construction and are scheduled to be completed in 2007.
M1 - Islamabad to Peshawar
M2 - Lahore to Islamabad
M3 - Pindi Bhattian to Faisalabad
M4 - Faisalabad to Multan
M5 - Multan to Dera Ghazi Khan
M6 - Dera Ghazi Khan to Ratodero
M7 - Kakkar via Dureji to Karachi
M8 - Gwadar to Ratodero
M9 - Karachi to Hyderabad
M10 - Karachi Northern Bypass
M2 - Lahore to Sialkot

Karakoram Highway
The Karakoram Highway (KKH) is the highest paved international road in the world. It connects China and Pakistan across the Karakoram mountain range, through the Khunjerab Pass, at an altitude of 4,693 metres (15,397 feet), by far the highest paved international border crossing in the world. It connects China's Xinjiang region with Pakistan's Northern Areas and also serves as a popular tourist attraction.

Makran Coastal Highway
The Makran Coastal Highway is located primarily in Balochistan, Pakistan. It follows the Arabian Sea coast from Karachi to Gwadar.

Ban Ki-moon(Secretary-General of the United Nations)

Ban Ki-moon born 13 June 1944) is the eighth and current Secretary-General of the United Nations, after succeeding Kofi Annan in 2007. Before becoming Secretary-General, Ban was a career diplomat in South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in the United Nations. He entered diplomatic service the year he graduated from university, accepting his first post in New Delhi, India. In the foreign ministry he established a reputation for modesty and competence.
Ban was the Foreign Minister of the Republic of Korea from January 2004 to November 2006. In February 2006, he began to campaign for the office of Secretary-General. Ban was initially considered to be a long shot for the office. As foreign minister of Korea, however, he was able to travel to all of the countries that were members of the United Nations Security Council, a maneuver that turned him into the front runner.
On 13 October 2006, he was elected to be the eighth Secretary-General by the United Nations General Assembly. On 1 January 2007, he successfully succeeded Annan, and led several major reforms regarding peacekeeping and UN employment practices. Diplomatically, Ban has taken particularly strong views on Darfur, where he helped persuade Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir to allow peacekeeping troops to enter Sudan; and on global warming, pressing the issue repeatedly with former U.S. President George W. Bush. Ban has received strong criticism from OIOS, the UN internal audit unit, stating that the secretariat, under Ban's leadership, is "drifting into irrelevance"

Biograhpy

Ban was born in Eumseong in a small farming village in North Chungcheong, in 1944 at the end of the Japanese rule of Korea. His family moved to the nearby town of Chungju, where he was raised.During Ban's childhood, his father had a warehouse business, but the warehouse went bankrupt and the family lost its middle-class standard of living. When Ban was six, his family fled to a remote mountainside for the duration of the Korean War.After the war ended, his family returned to Chungju. Ban has mentioned meeting U.S. military troops at this time.
In secondary school (Chungju High School), Ban became a star pupil, particularly in his studies of English. In 1952, he was selected by his class to address a message to then UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld, but it is unknown if the message was ever sent. In 1962, Ban won an essay contest sponsored by the Red Cross and earned a trip to the United States where he lived in San Francisco with a host family for several months.As part of the trip, Ban met U.S. President John F. Kennedy.When a journalist at the meeting asked Ban what he wanted to be when he grew up, he said, "I want to become a diplomat."
Ban received a B.A. in International Relations from Seoul National University in 1970, and earned a Master of Public Administration from the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in 1985. At Harvard, he studied under Joseph Nye who remarked that Ban had "a rare combination of analytic clarity, humility and perseverance Ban was awarded the degree of Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa) by the University of Malta on 22 April 2009. He further received an honorary degree of Doctor of Laws from the University of Washington in October 2009.
In addition to his native Korean, Ban speaks English, French, and Japanese. There have been questions, however, regarding the extent of his knowledge of French, one of the two working languages of the United Nations Secretariat.
Families

Ban Ki-moon met Yoo Soon-taek in 1962 when they were both high school students. Ban was 18 years old, and Yoo Soon-taek was his secondary school's student council president. Ban Ki-moon married Yoo Soon-taek in 1971. They have three adult children: two daughters and a son. His eldest daughter, Seon-yong (born 1972), works for the Korea Foundation in Seoul. His son, Woo-hyun (born 1974) received an MBA from Anderson School of Management at University of California, Los Angeles and works for an investment firm in New York. His youngest daughter, Hyun-hee (born 1976), is a field officer for UNICEF in Nairobi, Kenya. After his election as Secretary-General, Ban became an icon in his hometown, where his extended family still resides. Over 50,000 gathered in a soccer stadium in Chungju for celebration of the result. In the months following his election, thousands of practitioners of feng shui went to his village to determine how it produced such an important person. Ban himself is not a member of any church or religious group and has declined to expound his beliefs: "Now, as Secretary-General, it will not be appropriate at this time to talk about my own belief in any particular religion or God. So maybe we will have some other time to talk about personal matters." His mother is reportedly Buddhist.

Personality

In the Korean Foreign Ministry his nickname was Ban-jusa, meaning "the Bureaucrat" or "the administrative clerk." The name was used as both positive and negative: complimenting Ban's attention to detail and administrative skill while deriding what was seen as a lack of charisma and subservience to his superiors.The Korean press corps calls him "the slippery eel" for his ability to dodge questions. His demeanor has also been described as a "Confucian approach." He is regarded by many as a "stand-up guy" and is known for his "easy smile".

Honors and awards

• Ban Ki-moon was awarded the Order of Service Merit by the Government of the Republic of Korea on three occasions: in 1975, 1986 and 2006.
• For his accomplishments as an envoy, he received the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria in 2001.
• He was bestowed the Grand Cross of Rio Branco by the government of Brazil.
• He was bestowed the Gran Cruz del Sol by the government of Peru.
• He was bestowed a Doctor Honoris Causa by the National University of San Marcos, the main university in Peru and the oldest of the Americas (2011).
• He was bestowed a Doctor of Laws Degree Honoris Causa by the University of the Philippines College of Law, the national university of the country, in 2008.
• He was honored with James A. Van Fleet Award by the Korea Society in New York City for his contributions to friendship between the United States and the Republic of Korea.

Foreign Minister of South Korea

In 2004, Ban replaced Yoon Young Kwan as foreign minister of South Korea under president Roh Moo-hyun. At the beginning of his term, Ban was faced with two major crises: in June 2004 Kim Sun-il, a Korean translator, was kidnapped and killed in Iraq by Islamic extremists; and in December 2004 dozens of Koreans died in the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Ban survived scrutiny from lawmakers and saw an upturn in his popularity when talks began with North Korea. Ban became actively involved in issues relating to inter-Korean relationships.^[14] In September 2005, as Foreign Minister, he played a leading role in the diplomatic efforts to adopt the Joint Statement on resolving the North Korean nuclear issue at the Fourth Round of the Six-party talks held in Beijing.
As foreign minister, Ban oversaw the trade and aid policies of South Korea. This work put Ban in the position of signing trade deals and delivering foreign assistance to diplomats who would later be influential in his candidacy for Secretary-General. For example, Ban became the first senior South Korean minister to travel to the Congo since its independence in 1960.

Secretaries-General

Note: Alger Hiss was Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on International Organization, held in April to June 1945.

#	Portrait	Secretary-General	Dates in office	Country of origin	Reason of withdrawal	Ref.
–		Gladwyn Jebb	24 October 1945 – 1 February 1946	United Kingdom	Served as Acting Secretary-General until Lie's election
		After World War II, he served as Executive Secretary of the Preparatory Commission of the United Nations in August 1945, being appointed Acting United Nations Secretary-General from October 1945 to February 1946 until the appointment of the first Secretary-General Trygve Lie.
1		Trygve Lie	1 February 1946 – 10 November 1952	Norway	Resigned
		Lie, a foreign minister and former labour leader, was recommended by the Soviet Union to fill the post. After the UN involvement in the Korean War, the Soviet Union vetoed Lie's reappointment in 1951. The US circumvented the Soviet Union's veto and recommended reappointment directly to the General Assembly. Lie was reappointed by a vote of forty-six to five, with eight abstentions. The Soviet Union remained hostile to Lie, and he resigned in 1952.
2		Dag Hammarskjöld	10 April 1953 – 18 September 1961	Sweden	Died in a plane crash in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia), while on a peacekeeping mission to the Congo
		After a series of candidates were vetoed, Hammarskjöld emerged as an option that was acceptable to the Security Council. Hammarskjöld was re-elected unanimously to a second term in 1957. The Soviet Union was angered by Hammarskjöld's leadership of the UN during the Congo Crisis, and suggested that the position of Secretary-General be replaced by a troika, or three-man executive. Facing great opposition from the Western nations, the Soviet Union gave up on its suggestion. Hammarskjöld was killed in a plane crash in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) in 1961. US President John F. Kennedy called Hammarskjöld "the greatest statesman of our century."
3		U Thant	30 November 1961 – 31 December 1971	Burma	Declined to be considered for another term.
		In the process of replacing Hammarskjöld, the developing world insisted on a non-European and non-American. U Thant was nominated. However, due to opposition from the French (Thant had chaired a committee on Algerian independence) and the Arabs (Burma was supporting Israel), Thant was only appointed for the remainder of Hammarskjöld's term. Thant was the first Asian Secretary General. The following year, Thant was unanimously re-elected to a full five-year term. He was similarly re-elected in 1966. Thant did not seek a third term.
4		Kurt Waldheim	1 January 1972 – 31 December 1981	Austria	China vetoed his third term.
		Waldheim launched a discreet but effective campaign to become the Secretary-General. Despite initial vetoes from China and the United Kingdom, in the third round Waldheim was selected to become the new Secretary-General. In 1976, China initially blocked Waldheim's re-election, but it relented on the second ballot. In 1981, Waldheim's re-election for a third term was blocked by China, which vetoed his selection through 15 rounds. In the mid 1980s, it was revealed that a post-World War II UN War Crimes Commission had labelled Waldheim as a suspected war criminal – based on his involvement with the Nazi German army. The files had been stored in the UN archive.
5		Javier Pérez de Cuéllar	1 January 1982 – 31 December 1991	Peru	Refused to be considered for a third term.
		Pérez de Cuéllar was selected after a five-week deadlock between the re-election of Waldheim and China's candidate, Salim Ahmed Salim of Tanzania. Pérez de Cuéllar, a Peruvian diplomat, was a compromise candidate, and the first Secretary General from Latin America. He was re-elected unanimously in 1986.
6		Boutros Boutros-Ghali	1 January 1992 – 31 December 1996	Egypt	The United States vetoed his second term.
		The 102 member Non-Aligned Movement insisted that the next Secretary-General come from Africa. With a majority in the General Assembly and the support of China, the Non-Aligned Movement had the votes necessary to block any unfavourable candidate. The Security Council conducted five anonymous straw polls – a first for the council. Boutros-Ghali emerged with 11 votes on the fifth round. In 1996 the US vetoed the re-appointment of Boutros-Ghali, claiming he had failed in implementing necessary reforms to the UN.
7		Kofi Annan	1 January 1997 – 31 December 2006	Ghana	Retired after two full terms
		On 13 December 1996, the United Nations Security Council recommended Annan. Confirmed four days later by the vote of the General Assembly, he started his first term as Secretary-General on 1 January 1997.
8		Ban Ki-moon	1 January 2007– present	South Korea	Incumbent	.
		Ban became the second Asian to be selected as the Secretary-General. Prior to his selection, he was the Foreign Minister of the Republic of Korea from January 2004 to November 2006.

Barack Hussein Obama

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Barack Hussein Obama born August 4, 1961) is the 44th and current President of the United States, having taken office in 2009. He is the first African American to hold the office. Obama previously served as a United States senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned following his election to the presidency in November 2008. 
A native of Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. He was a community organizer in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004.contract management software
Obama served three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004. Following an unsuccessful bid against the Democratic incumbent for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in 2000, he ran for United States Senate in 2004. Several events brought him to national attention during the campaign, including his victory in the March 2004 Democratic primary and his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in July 2004. He won election to the U.S. Senate in November 2004. His presidential campaign began in February 2007, and after a close campaign in the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries against Hillary Rodham Clinton, he won his party's nomination. In the 2008 general election, he defeated Republican nominee John McCain, and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009. In October 2009, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
As president, Obama signed economic stimulus legislation in the form of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in February 2009 and the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 in December 2010. Other domestic policy initiatives include the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010. In foreign policy, Obama gradually withdrew combat troops from Iraq, increased troop levels in Afghanistan, signed an arms control treaty with Russia, and ordered enforcement of the United Nations-sanctioned no-fly zone over Libya in early 2011.

In April 2011, Obama announced his intention to seek re-election in the 2012 presidential election.

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Obama was born on August 4, 1961, at Kapiʻolani Maternity & Gynecological Hospital (now called Kapiʻolani Medical Center for Women and Children) in Honolulu, Hawaii,the first President to have been born in Hawaii.His mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, was born in Wichita, Kansas.Of mostly English descent, her family also traces to Germany and Ireland; his great-great-great grandfather was born in County Offaly. His father, Barack Obama, Sr., was a Luo from Nyang'oma Kogelo, Nyanza Province, Kenya. Obama's parents met in 1960 in a Russian language class at the University of Hawaii at Mānoa, where his father was a foreign student on scholarship.The couple married on February 2, 1961, separated when Obama Sr. went to Harvard University on scholarship, and divorced in 1964.Obama Sr. remarried and returned to Kenya, visiting Barack in Hawaii only once, in 1971. He died in an automobile accident in 1982.
After her divorce, Dunham married Indonesian student Lolo Soetoro, who was attending college in Hawaii. When Suharto, a military leader in Soetoro's home country, came to power in 1967, all Indonesian students studying abroad were recalled, and the family moved to the Menteng neighborhood of Jakarta From ages six to ten, Obama attended local schools in Jakarta, including Besuki Public School and St. Francis of Assisi School.student loan consolidation interest rate,lendingtree .com,consolidate loan refinance student
In 1971, Obama returned to Honolulu to live with his maternal grandparents, Madelyn and Stanley Armour Dunham, and attended Punahou School, a private college preparatory school, from the fifth grade until his graduation from high school in 1979. Obama's mother returned to Hawaii in 1972, remaining there until 1977 when she went back to Indonesia to work as an anthropological field worker. She finally returned to Hawaii in 1994 and lived there for one year, before dying of ovarian cancer.audio conference calling
Of his early childhood, Obama recalled, That my father looked nothing like the people around me that he was black as pitch, my mother white as milk barely registered in my mind.He described his struggles as a young adult to reconcile social perceptions of his multiracial heritage. Reflecting later on his formative years in Honolulu, Obama wrote:The opportunity that Hawaii offered to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of mutual respect became an integral part of my world view, and a basis for the values that I hold most dear.Obama has also written and talked about using alcohol, marijuana and cocaine during his teenage years to push questions of who I was out of my mind.At the 2008 Civil Forum on the Presidency, Obama identified his high-school drug use as a great moral failure.arizona divorce attorneys
Following high school, Obama moved to Los Angeles in 1979 to attend Occidental College. In February 1981, he made his first public speech, calling for Occidental's divestment from South Africa In mid-1981, Obama traveled to Indonesia to visit his mother and sister Maya, and visited the families of college friends in India and Pakistan for three weeks.universal life quote
Later in 1981 he transferred to Columbia University in New York City, where he majored in political science with a specialty in international relations and graduated with a B.A. in 1983. He worked for a year at the Business International Corporation then at the New York Public Interest Research Group.irs problem

7 More Wonders of the World

7 More Wonders of the World
1. Banaue Rice Terraces

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On the territory of more than 4,000 square miles at an altitude of 1,524 meters above sea level in the mountains Ifuago in the Philippines you will find that the locals call the "eighth wonder of the world: hand-carved terraces on which the figure has been growing for 2,000 years.
Ancient people have done the job more than one generation, and terraces are irrigated by water from the tropical forest above them.
People support them and to this day.
It is believed that if these terraces to build one after another, the result is a line that can go around the world.
Truly a miracle of light. (McCouch S)


2. Meteora in Greece

Meteora is an amazing place, also known as "Suspended stones" - large and important monastery complex of the Eastern Orthodox Church in Greece.
Six buildings constructed on the tops of the columns of sandstone, inspire respect and admiration.
These amazing buildings were erected in the mountains Pindus in central Greece, probably for protection, as the entrance to them was difficult from the outset.
The monastery can be reached only through high ladders tied together
or through a large network, although today everything is much simpler.
(Janmad)


3. Stone fortress Sigiriya, Sri Lanka

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Built over 1,500 years ago, during the reign of King Kassapa I, between 477 and 495 years BC, Sigiriya, also known as "Lion Rock" - an ancient stone fortress and palace ruins on the island of Sri Lanka.
It is a popular place among tourists surrounded by the remains of gardens and ponds, were once here.
Sigiriya is one of seven World Heritage sites on the island, famous for its ancient frescoes, like those that can be seen in the caves of Ajanta in India.$40.47 [cosmetic surgery los angeles
At this point, people lived in prehistoric times, and the historical record suggests that it was used as a mountain monastery from 5th century BC (Ela112)

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4. Tower of Hercules, Galicia

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It is believed that the Tower of Hercules has been around the 2nd century.
The inscription on the basis of the foundation tells us about the Roman engineers "Seviuse Lupus, and records of the tower can be traced up to 415AD.$64.17 new jersey car insurance$63.10 new york personal injury attorney
The view from the 54-meter lighthouse overlooks the northern coast of Spain.
The original tower had an external entrance, there were burned wood as a cautionary sign.
In 1788, King Carlos IV gave a decree for the construction of the facade around the tower, which stands to this day. Tower - the oldest Roman building, functioning as a full beacon. (Alessio Damato)


5. Ajanta Caves, Maharashtra, India

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The ancient caves of Ajanta are religiously important structure in Maharashtra, India.
These amazing caves are known for their incredibly detailed paintings and sculptures belonging to the genre of Buddhist religious art.
From the 2nd century people lived in caves, and 300 years after they scored.
More than 1,000 years they have stood empty and untouched, until 1819, when a British army officer from Madras came across the entrance to one of the caves while hunting.
His discovery of Captain Smith left a great legacy for future generations. (Jonathanawhite)


6. Torun, Poland

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The medieval city of Torun in Poland - the birthplace of Nicolaus Copernicus.
Archaeologists believe that the original city was founded in 1100 BC, and from 7 to 13 century there is evidence of settlements in the River$78.30 chicago personal injury lawyer
Teutonic Order built a castle in the neighborhood during the period from 1230 to 1231 years.
Franciscan monks settled in the city 30 years later, they were followed by Dominicans, and in 1264 founded the New Town.
In 1280 the city joined the Hanseatic League and became an important medieval trade center. (Rene Klein)


7. The ancient city of Bagan, Burma

Mandalay - Burma part of the peninsula, where the incredible beauty of the ancient city of Bagan.
This place is called by different names - "Arimaddanapura", "Tampadipa" and "Tassadessa, and it was the ancient capital of several Burmese kingdoms$39.11 personal injury lawyers
Pagan - the only non-recognized World Heritage sites in this list.
The reason is that the ruling council was unable to rebuild the ancient place in accordance with the original architectural style, but instead used modern materials that seem out of place here.
And yet it is one of the small wonders of the world, which is worth a visit.

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Bill Gates

Bill Gates

Bill Gates came from a family of entrepreneurship and high-spirited liveliness. William Henry Gates III was born in Seattle, Washington on October 28th, 1955. His father, William H. Gates II, is a Seattle attorney. His late mother, Mary Gates, was a schoolteacher, University of Washington regent, and chairwoman of United Way International.
Bill Gates – Early Life
He had an early interest in software and began programming computers at the age of thirteen. In 1973, Bill Gates became a student at Harvard University, where he meet Steve Ballmer (now Microsoft’s chief executive officer). While still a Harvard undergraduate, Bill Gates wrote a version of the programming language BASIC for the MITS Altair microcomputer.
Did you know that as young teenagers Bill Gates and Paul Allen ran a small company called Traf-O-Data and sold a computer to the city of Seattle that could count city traffic?
Bill Gates & Microsoft
In 1975, before graduation Gates left Harvard to form Microsoft with his childhood friend Paul Allen. The pair planned to develop software for the newly emerging personal computer market.
Bill Gate’s company Microsoft became famous for their computer operating systems and killer business deals. For example, Bill Gates talked IBM into letting Microsoft retain the licensing rights to MS-DOS an operating system, that IBM needed for their new personal computer. Gates proceeded to make a fortune from the licensing of MS-DOS.
On November 10, 1983, at the Plaza Hotel in New York City, Microsoft Corporation formally announced Microsoft Windows, a next-generation operating system.
On January 1, 1994, Bill Gates married Melinda French Gates. They have three children.
Bill Gates Philanthropist
Bill Gates and his wife, Melinda, have endowed the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation with more than $28.8 billion (as of January 2005) to support philanthropic initiatives in the areas of global health and learning.

*MS DOS The Operating System History
From a Quick and Dirty Operating System a giant walks (ms-dos), in 1980, IBM first approached Bill Gates and Microsoft, to discuss the state of home computers and Microsoft products.
*Windows 1.0 To Windows Beyond 2000
Windows is the graphical user interface for IBM and IBM compatible machines, this article discusses the origins of Windows and where Windows is heading.
*Top Books on Bill Gates
Authorized and unauthorized books on Bill Gates, Microsoft Chairman and the youngest self-made billionaire in history.


Bill Gates 11 Rules of Life...

Bill Gates had given a speech in High School about 11 rules/things they did not and will not learn in school. He talked about how feel-good, politically correct teachings created a generation of kids with no concept of reality and how this concept set them up for failure in the real world.

Rule 1

Life is not fair – get used to it!

Rule 2

The world won’t care about your self-esteem. The world will expect you to accomplish something BEFORE you feel good about yourself.

Rule 3

You will NOT make $60,000 a year right out of high school. You won’t be a vice-president with a car phone until you earn both.

Rule 4

If you think your teacher is tough, wait till you get a boss.

Rule 5

Flipping burgers is not beneath your dignity. Your Grandparents had a different word for burger flipping: they called it opportunity.

Rule 6

If you mess up, it’s not your parents’ fault, so don’t whine about your mistakes, learn from them.

Rule 7

Before you were born, your parents weren’t as boring as they are now. They got that way from paying your bills, cleaning your clothes and listening to you talk about how cool you thought you were. So before you save the rain forest from the parasites of your parent’s generation, try delousing the closet in your own room.

Rule 8

Your school may have done away with winners and losers, but life HAS NOT. In some schools, they have abolished failing grades and they’ll give you as MANY TIMES as you want to get the right answer. This doesn’t bear the slightest resemblance to ANYTHING in real life.

Rule 9

Life is not divided into semesters. You don’t get summers off and very few employers are interested in helping you FIND YOURSELF. Do that on your own time.

Rule 10

Television is NOT real life. In real life people actually have to leave the coffee shop and go to jobs.

Rule 11

Be nice to nerds. Chances are you’ll end up working for one.

Liaqat Ali Khan

 

He was born in the town of Karnal in present-day Haryana, East Punjab, British India, on October 1, 1895,

He graduated in 1918 from the Muhammedan Anglo-Oriental College and married his cousin, Jehangira Begum, in 1918

He  became the first Prime Minister of Pakistan, Foreign Affairs & Commonwealth Kashmir Affairs and Defence Minister.

He was also the first Finance Minister of India in the interim government of India prior to the independence of both India and Pakistan in 1946

Liaquat was a graduate of Aligarh Muslim University, Oxford University 

He presented The Objectives Resolution a prelude to future constitutions, in the Legislative Assembly. The house passed it on 12 March 1949. It has been described as the "Magna Carta" of Pakistan's constitutional history

On 16 October 1951, Khan was shot twice in the chest during a public meeting of the Muslim City League at Company Bagh (Company Gardens), Rawalpindi. The police immediately shot the assassin who was later identified as Saad Akbar

Allama Iqbal

Allama Iqbal [1877-1938]

Allama Iqbal, great poet-philosopher and active political leader, was born at Sialkot, Punjab, in 1877.

He descended from a family of Kashmiri Brahmins, who had embraced Islam about 300 years earlier.

Iqbal received his early education in the traditional maktab.

Later he joined the Sialkot Mission School, from where he passed his matriculation examination. In 1897, he obtained his Bachelor of Arts Degree from Government College, Lahore. Two years later, he secured his Masters Degree and was appointed in the Oriental College, Lahore, as a lecturer of history, philosophy and English.

He later proceeded to Europe for higher studies. Having obtained a degree at Cambridge, he secured his doctorate at Munich and finally qualified as a barrister.

He returned to India in 1908. Besides teaching and practicing law, Iqbal continued to write poetry. He resigned from government service in 1911 and took up the task of propagating individual thinking among the Muslims through his poetry.

By 1928, his reputation as a great Muslim philosopher was solidly established and he was invited to deliver lectures at Hyderabad, Aligarh and Madras. These series of lectures were later published as a book "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam".

In 1930, Iqbal was invited to preside over the open session of the Muslim League at Allahabad. In his historic Allahabad Address, Iqbal visualized an independent and sovereign state for the Muslims of North-Western India. In 1932, Iqbal came to England as a Muslim delegate to the Third Round Table Conference.

In later years, when the Quaid had left India and was residing in England, Allama Iqbal wrote to him conveying to him his personal views on political problems and state of affairs of the Indian Muslims, and also persuading him to come back. These letters are dated from June 1936 to November 1937. This series of correspondence is now a part of important historic documents concerning Pakistan's struggle for freedom.

On April 21, 1938, the great Muslim poet-philosopher and champion of the Muslim cause, passed away. He lies buried next to the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore.

Quaid-e-Azam

Quaid-e-Azam

Q: What is the date of birth of Quaid-e-Azam"
A: December 25, 1876 




Q: Where was Quaid-e-Azam born?
A: Karachi

Q: What was the name of the building where Quaid-e-Azam was born?
A: Wazir Mansion in Kharadar

Q: What was the name of his father?
A: Jinnahbhai Poonja

Q: What was the name of his mother?
A: Mithibai

Q: Name the ancestral village of Quaid's family?
A: Paneli in Kathiawar

Q: What was the name of Quaid's aunt who first took him to Bombay in his childhood?
A: Manbai

Q: Name the brothers and sisters of Quaid-e-Azam?
A: Rahmat, Maryam, Ahmed Ali, Bande Ali, Fatima, Sh in n

Q: What was his mother tongue?
A: Gujrati

Q: What was the profession of his father?
A: Business

Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam first marry?
A: 1892

Q: What was the name of his first wife?
A: Emibai

Q: When did his first wife die?
A: 1894


Q: When did his mother expire?
A: 1893

Q: When did his father die?
A: 1902

Q: What is the date of birth of Quaid's sister Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah?
A: July3l, 1891

Q: What was Fatima Jinnah titled?
A: Madar-e-MiIlat (Mother of the Nation)

Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam's second marriage take place?
A: Aprill9,1918

Q: What was the name of his second wife?
A: RatanBai

Q: What was the name of her father?
A: Sir Dinshaw Petit

Q: When was Quaid's only child born?
A: August 14, 1919

Q: What was the name of Quaid's only daughter?
A: Dina

Q: When did Quaid's second wife die?
A: February 20, 1929


Quaid-e-Azam Early Life

Q: When was the first tutor engaged to teach Quaid-e-Azam at home?
A: 1882

Q: Which school did he first join?
A: Sindh Madrassah-tul-lslam

Q: When was he admitted at Sindh Madrassah-tul-Islam?
A: July4, 1887

Q: When was he first taken to Bombay?
A: 1887

Q: Which school did he join during his brief stay in Bombay?
A: Anjuman-e-lslam School

Q: When was he readmitted at Sindh Madrassah-tul-Islam?
A: December23, 1887

Q: Which was the game he used to play in his schoof life?
A: Cricket

Q: At what age he took to horse riding
A: Ten years

Q: When did he leave Sindh Madrassah-tul-lslam?
A: January 30, 1892

Q: Which school did he join in after leaving Sindh Madrassah-tul-lslam?
A: Mission High School


Higher Education

Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam leave for England for higher studies?
A: December 1892

Q: On whose advice did he proceed to England?
A: Sir Leigh Croft

Q: In which bank did he open his account upon arrival in England?
A: Royal Bank of Scotland

Q: In which company did he begin apprenticeship in London?
A: GrahamTrading Company

Q: Which educational institution did he first join in Eng-land?
A: Lincoln,s lnn

Q: Why had he chosen to join Lincoln's Inn?
A: He specifically chose to join Lincoln's Inn because he noticed the name of Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) heading the list of the great-est law-givers of the world on a plaque at its main entrance.

Q: When did he join Lincoln's Inn?
A: June 25, 1893

Q: What was the aim of his voyage to England at first?
A: To establisth business over there

Q: When was the degree of Bar-at-Law conferred upon him?
A: April29, 1896

Q: Which library was first joined by him in England?
A: British Museum Library

Q: When did he change his surname from Jinnahbhai toJinnah?
A: 1893

Q: Who was the Prime Minister of England when Quaid-e-Azam was studying law in England?
A: William Ewart Gladstone

Q: Which were Quaid's favourite newspapers during his stay in England?
A: The Times, The Liberal Daily News and The Pall Mall Gazette

Q: When did he return from England after completing his education?
A: 1896


Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam leave for England for higher studies?
A: December 1892

Q: On whose advice did he proceed to England?
A: Sir Leigh Croft

Q: In which bank did he open his account upon arrival in England?
A: Royal Bank of Scotland

Q: In which company did he begin apprenticeship in London?
A: GrahamTrading Company

Q: Which educational institution did he first join in Eng-land?
A: Lincoln,s lnn

Q: Why had he chosen to join Lincoln's Inn?
A: He specifically chose to join Lincoln's Inn because he noticed the name of Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) heading the list of the great-est law-givers of the world on a plaque at its main entrance.

Q: When did he join Lincoln's Inn?
A: June 25, 1893

Q: What was the aim of his voyage to England at first?
A: To establisth business over there

Q: When was the degree of Bar-at-Law conferred upon him?
A: April29, 1896

Q: Which library was first joined by him in England?
A: British Museum Library

Q: When did he change his surname from Jinnahbhai toJinnah?
A: 1893

Q: Who was the Prime Minister of England when Quaid-e-Azam was studying law in England?
A: William Ewart Gladstone

Q: Which were Quaid's favourite newspapers during his stay in England?
A: The Times, The Liberal Daily News and The Pall Mall Gazette

Q: When did he return from England after completing his education?
A: 1896


Professional Career

Q: When did Ouaid-e-Azam commence his career as a professional lawyer?
A: 1896

Q: In which court did he first register himself as a barrister?
A: Bombay High Court

Q: When was he enrolled as a barrister at Bombay High Court?
A: August 24,1896

Q: To whom he was first introduced as a lawyer?
A: Advocate General of Bombay, Mac Pherson

Q: When was Quaid-e-Azam first appointed as Third Presidency Magistrate in Bombay?
A: 1900

Q: When did he become a member of Orient Club Bombay?
A: 1902

Q: When did he join Municipal Corporation Bombay as a legal advisor?
A: 1903

Q: When was he elected as member of Bombay Cor- poration?
A: 1904

Q: When was he nominated as a representative of Bombay Presidency Association to plead the In-dian case before the British electorate?
A: 1905

Q: When did he resign from the membership of Bom-bay Corporation?
A: 1907

Q: When did his political career begin?
A: 1906

Q: When did he join Indian National Congress?
A: 1906

Q: When did he join All fndia Muslim League?
A: 1913

Q: Who had invited him to join Muslim League?
A: Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar

Q: When was he elected Vice President of Indian Muslim Association?
A: 1907

Q: When was he elected member Executive Committee of Anjuman Zia-ul-Islam?
A: 1907

Q: When did he become Private Secretary to Congress President Dadabhai Naoroji?
A: 1906

Q: When was Qua id-e-Azam elected to Imperial Legislative Council of India?
A: 1909

Q: From which constituency he was elected to the Council?
A: Bombay Presidency

Q: When did he join Home Rule League?
A: 1916

Q: Who founded Home Rule League?
A: Annie Besant

Q: When did he leave Congress?
A: 1920

Q: Why had he resigned from Congress?
A: In protest of Gandhi's resolution of noncooperation movement against the British regime

Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam first become President of Muslim League?
A: 1916

Q: When did he present his famous 14 points?
A: March28,1929

Q: Where did he present them?
A: During the session of All India Muslim League at Delhi

Q: Why did he come up with his 14 points?
A: It was in response to the unjust Nehru Report which had fallen short of the just demands of the Muslims

Q: With whom did he represent the Muslim delega-tion in the first as well as the second Round Table Conference?
A: Maulana Muhammad All Jauhar

Q: Did Quaid-e-Azam join the Civil Disobedience. Movement which was launched by Gandhi ?
A: No. Because he was against violating the laws

Q: In how many Round Table Conferences did he participate?
A: Two

Q: When was the first conference held?
A: 1930.

Q: When was the second conference held?
A: 1932

Q: Were the conferences a success story?'
A: No

Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam return to India to reorganise Muslim League?
A: 1937

Q: Why was Quaid-e-Azam known as Ambassador of Peace and Unity?
A: He had worked. a great deal for Hlndu-Muslim unity as a result of which the annual sessions of both Congress as well as Muslim League were held at Lucknow in 1916

Q: Which historic meeting did the Ouaid preside in 1940?
A: The Lahore session of All India Muslim League in which the Pakistan Resolution was tabled and passed.

Q: What was the Pakistan Resolution?
A: In this resolution it was demanded that those ar eas of India where the Muslims were in majority should be formed into separate and independent Units .

Q: Who had tabled the Pakistan Resolution?
A: A K Fazle Haq

Q: Who had seconded the resolution?
A: Chaudhry Khaliq-uz-Zaman

Q: How many people were estimated to have attended the Lahore session of Muslim League in which the Pakistan Resolution was tabled and passed?
A: 100,000

Q: Where was the Annual Convention of Muslim League held in 1941?
A: Madras

Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam present his two-nation theory?
A: December 28, 1940

Q: Where had he presented the theory?
A: Ahmedabad

Q: When was All India Muslim Students Federation founded?
A: December 1937

Q: Where was the first meeting of the federation held?
A: Calcutta

Q: When did Nishat-e-Sania of Muslim League come into being?
A: October1937

Q: Where was that historic decision taken?
A: Lucknow

Q: When was All India Muslim League Volunteer Corps founded?
A: October1937

Q: Who was the founding Convenor of the Corps?
A: Abdul Haq Barklay

Q: Name the person who announced the title of Quald-e-Azam for Muhammad Ali Jinnah?
A: Ferozuddin Ahmed

Q: Where did he make that announcement?
A: During the Patna session of All India Muslim League

Q: When was the Women Wing of Muslim League established
A: 1937

Q: Who had helped Ouaid-e-Azam in the formation of Women Wing of Muslim League?
A: His sister Fatima Jinnah


Quaid-e-Azam life after Independence

Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam reach Karachi on the eve of Independence?
A: August 7, 1947

Q: Which city was declared as capital of Pakistan by Ouaid-e-Azam?
A: Karachi

Q: When did he chair first meeting of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan?
A: August 12, 1947

Q: When did he host a banquet in the honour of Lord Mountbatten, the last viceroy of British India?
A: August l3, 1947

Q: When was Quaid-e-Azam sworn in as the first Governor General of Pakistan?
A: August l5, 1947

Q: Who had administered the oath from him?
A: Justice Sir Abdul Rashid

Q: When was Quaid-e-Azam given first civic reception by Karachi Metropolitan Corporation?
A: August 25, 1947

Q: Which was the first private factory to be inaugurated by Quaid-e-Azam?
A: Valika Textile Mills

Q: When did he inaugurate that factory?
A: September 26, 1947

Q: When did he first address the Armed Forces of Pakistan?
A: October 11, 1947

Q: When did he issue Banking Companies (Pakistan) Ordinance?
A: October 22, 1947

Q: When was National Guards Ordinance issued by him?
A: November 2, 1947

Q: When did he inaugurate Bengal Oil Mills?
A: February 2, 1948

Q: When did he perform the opening ceremony of State Bank of Pakistan?
A: July 1, 1948

Q: Which was the last public function attended by Quaid-e-Azam?
A: The opening ceremony of State Bank

Q: When did he move to Ziarat?
A: July 14,1948

Q: When did he move to Quetta?
A: August 13,1948

Q: When did he finally return to Karachi?
A: September 11, 1948

Q: When did he die?
A: September 11, 1948

Q: Where did he die?
A: Karachi

Q: Where was he buried?
A: Karachi

Q: When was he buried?
A: September 12, 1948

Q: How many people turned up in his funeral procession?
A: Nearly 0.6 million

Q: Who succeeded Quaid-e-Azam as Governor General of Pakistan?
A: Khwaja Nazimuddin

Miscallenous Questions

Q: Name the chowkidar who served Quaid-e-Azam in the Ziarat Residency in Balochistan?
A: TotiKhan

Q: What was the name of his personal physician?
A: Dr Col Elahi Bakhsh

Q: What was the name of his driver?
A: Muhammad Hanif Azad

Q: Which English poet did Quaid-e-Azam admire most?
A: William Shakespeare

Q: Which game did he like most?
A: Billiards

Q: Which other games did he himself play?
A: Cricket and golf

Q: Where is Jinnah Town Hall located?
A: Bombay

Q: What is the meaning of Jinnah?
A: Tall, slim or something similar

Q: What is the meaning of Ouaid-e-Azam?
A: Great Leader

Q: What was the motto of his life?
A: Unity, faith and discipline

Q: Which newspaper was founded by him?
A: Dawn

Q: How tall was Quaid-e-Azam?
A: Five feet and ten inches

Q: What was the colour of his eyes?
A: Black

Q: In which eye did he use to wear monocle?
A: Right

Q: In which city Ouaid-e-Azam University located?
A: Islamabad

Q: Who designed the mausoleum of Quaid-e-Azam?
A: Yahya Merchant

Q: Which country gifted the chandelier for the mausoleum?
A: China

Q: When was the mausoleum of Quaid-e-Azam com-pleted?
A: 1971

Q: What is the new name of Flag Staff House?
A: Quaid-e-Azam House Museum

Q: From whom Ouaid-e-Azam had purchased that building?
A: Sohrab Katrak Cawasjee

Q: When had Quaid-e-Azam acquired Flag Staff House?
A: 1943

Q: Who had inaugurated Quaid-e-Azam House Museum?
A: Hakim Muhammad Said